اقتصاد و سیاست گذاری مالی

اقتصاد و سیاست گذاری مالی

From Electronic Banking to Modern FinTech: An Analysis of Trends, Infrastructures, and Innovations in the Financial Industry

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
1 Department of Informatics and Computer Technology, Faculty of Basic Engineering Education, Saint Petersburg Mining University, Saint Petersburg, Russia.
2 Department of International business development, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Saint Petersburg, Russia.
10.22034/efp.2026.741265
چکیده
Financial technologies (FinTech) have fundamentally transformed the structure of the banking and financial services industry over recent decades. This article aims to elucidate the major trajectories of transformation in the financial services industry and digital banking through a descriptive analytical research method and a documentary/library-based approach, drawing upon the secondary analysis of data as well as authoritative academic and institutional sources. It examines the evolution of FinTech and digital banking across three principal stages: the initial digitalization of financial services, the emergence of electronic banking, and the formation of modern FinTech. In the first stage, instruments such as credit cards, automated teller machines (ATMs), and the SWIFT network paved the way for the integration of technology into the financial system. In the second stage, the expansion of the Internet, personal computers, and mobile phones brought online and mobile banking into the mainstream of banking services. In the third stage, following the 2008 global financial crisis and alongside the maturation of technologies such as smartphones, big data, artificial intelligence, and blockchain, the FinTech startup ecosystem emerged, and new actors including digital banks, mobile wallets, and peer-to-peer lending platforms entered the market. The findings of this article indicate that FinTech is not merely a technological tool, but rather a new paradigm in the provision of financial services, one that emphasizes transparency, accessibility, and user experience.

چکیده تصویری

From Electronic Banking to Modern FinTech: An Analysis of Trends, Infrastructures, and Innovations in the Financial Industry
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